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| Keywords: Hepatitis B virus v2.svg Extended description The structure of the Hepatitis B virus as first described by Dane al <ref name Dane1970> Cite journal D S Dane C H Cameron Moya Briggs Virus-Like Particles in Serum of Patients with Australia-Antigen-Associated Hepatitis The Lancet 295 695 �698 1970 10 1016/S0140-6736 70 90926-8 </ref> and Jokelainen Krohn al <ref name Krohn1970> cite journal P T Jokelainen Kai Krohn A M Prince and N D C Finlayson Electron Microscopic Observations on Virus-Like Particles Associated with SH Antigen J Virol 6 5 685-689 1970 1098-5514 http //www ncbi nlm nih gov/pmc/articles/PMC376174/ </ref> in 1970 Virion The hepatitis B virion is a complex spherical double shelled particle with a diameter of 42 nm <ref name Dane1970 /><ref name Krohn1970 /><ref name WHO> Cite web The hepatitis B virus http //www who int/csr/disease/hepatitis/whocdscsrlyo20022/en/index2 html WHO </ref> The 6 nm<ref name Krohn1970 /> thick outer viral envelope or membrane contains host-derived lipids and surface proteins <ref name Krohn1970 /> known collectively as HBsAg <ref name WHO /> The membrane contains globular subunits each measuring ca 3 to 4 nm in diameter and 3 to 4 nm apart <ref name Krohn1970 /> Within the membrane sphere is a 2 nm thick icosahedral nucleocapsid inner core composed of protein HBcAg with a diameter of 27 nm <ref name Krohn1970 /> When viewed through an electron microscope the inner core may appear pentagonal or hexagonal <ref name Krohn1970 /> depending on the relative position of the sample The nucleocapsid contains a viral genome<ref name Krohn1970 /> of circular partially double stranded DNA<ref name WHO /> and endogenous DNA polymerase<ref name Almeida1971 > Cite journal Almeida J D Rubenstein D Scott E J New antigen-antibody system in Australia-antigen-positive hepatitis The Lancet 298 7736 1225 �7 1971 10 1016/S0140-6736 71 90543-5 </ref><ref name WHO /> within a diameter of ca 18 nm <ref name Krohn1970 /> The virion was initially referred to as the Dane particle <ref name Almeida1971 /> Only after Baruch Blumberg received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1976 was it universally accepted that the particle is a virus and the infectious agent of Hepatitis B Australia antigen HBsAg The serum of infected patients also contain small spherical and rod-shaped particles with a diameter of ca 20 nm <ref name Blumberg1968> Bayer M E B S Blumberg and B Werner 1968 Particles associated with Australia antigen in the sera of patients with leukemia Down's syndrome and hepatitis Nature London 218 1057-1059 </ref> consisting of surplus virus-coat material containing the HBsAg antigen <ref name Dane1970 /><ref name Krohn1970 /> This antigen was first discovered by Baruch Blumberg in 1965 in the blood of Australian aboriginal people and initially known as Australia antigen <ref name Blumberg1965> cite journal 6374187 10 1001/jama 252 2 252 1984 Jul Baruch S Blumberg Harvey J Alter and Sam Visnich Landmark article Feb 15 1965 A 'new' antigen in leukemia sera By Baruch S Blumberg Harvey J Alter and Sam Visnich 252 2 252 �7 0098-7484 JAMA </ref> It was shown to be associated with serum hepatitis by A M Prince in 1968 <ref name Prince1968> Prince A M 1968 An antigen detected in the blood during the incubation period of serum hepatitis Proc Nat Acad Sci U S A 60 814-821 </ref> The outer membrane of the virion is sometimes extended as a tubular tail on one side of the virus particle not shown ;<ref name Krohn1970 /><ref name WHO /> these virion tails are identical to the small particles <ref name Krohn1970 /><ref name WHO /> The hepatitis B e antigens shown are considered not part not part of the viral particle References reflist Simplified drawing of the Hepatitis B virus particle and surface surplus antigen Created by en User GrahamColm Transferred from http //en wikipedia org en wikipedia 2007-11-14 Original uploader was TimVickers at http //en wikipedia org en wikipedia Released into the public domain by the author en wikipedia TimVickers original upload log page en wikipedia Hepatitis_B_virus_v2 png 2007-11-14 18 14 TimVickers 843×577× 81917 bytes <nowiki>Simplified drawing of the Hepatitis B virus particle and surface surplus antigen</nowiki> Hepatitis B virus Virus diagrams | ||||
