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| Keywords: The Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London (12684160935).jpg 188 <br> PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Mar 10 <br> Fig 3 � Molar Tooth <br> of Extinct Beaver <br> from Copford <br> Lateral view <br> Grinding surface <br> examination of portions of this bed the fol- <br> lowing remains have been found � <br> Limneus pereger Valvata cristata <br> Succinea Cyclas ' <br> Planorbis albus Pisidium amnicum <br> imbricatus Candona reptans <br> Bithinia opercula lucens <br> Valvata piscinalis Cypris gibba <br> The shells are much more abundant in the <br> upper part of the clay than below which <br> latter is mixed with siliceous sand ferrugi- <br> nous grains minute fragments of chalk and <br> a few of the most common chalk Forami- <br> nifera together with portions of Sphagnum <br> The following also have been obtained <br> from the blue clay � <br> Elephant ; cuneiform bone of right fore-foot large <br> fragments of leg bone and fragments of ribs <br> Stag ; scapula and antlers <br> Aurochs ; horn-core <br> Bear; metacarpal bone fourth digit Very large <br> species fig 2 <br> Beaver ; two molar teeth Extinct species fig 3 <br> Some observations by Mr Waterhouse on the Beaver teeth and the Bear's <br> bone are given in the following note � <br> British Museum July 16 1852 <br> My Dear Sir � I have compared the two molar teeth of the Beaver from <br> Copford with the teeth of the European and North American species also with <br> the teeth of a Beaver from the Fens of England and with those of a jaw found at <br> Ilford I have little doubt that the Copford tooth above figured is the second <br> molar of the right side of the lower jaw It may be observed that this specimen <br> differs from all in the direction of the folds of enamel and in being larger <br> ' The hindermost of the three inner folds of enamel runs directly inwards and <br> meets the outer fold in the middle of the tooth ; and both folds are perfectly straight <br> In the European Beaver the inner fold in question upon meeting the outer fold <br> is bent suddenly backwards ; besides which in the recent skull and in the fossil <br> from Ilford there is a second little branch thrown backwards from the posterior <br> internal fold <br> The transverse diameter of this tooth measures 5 lines at the crown and 6 <br> hues at the root ; and the antero-posterior diameter of the crown is 4 lines 2; from <br> this it will be seen that the crown of the tooth as represented in the woodcut is <br> rather under the natural size The second Beaver tooth from Copford scarcely <br> differs from that of the European species <br> The foot-bone belongs to a Bear of large size fully equal to the Ursus spe- <br> IcBus in this respect and is the fourth metacarpal of the right fore-foot <br> Faithfully yours <br> To John Browny Esq F G S Geo R Waterhouse <br> 1 Scarcely 4 lines in a very large Beaver skull rather more than 6 inches in <br> length from the River Donau <br> 2 Four lines in the Beaver skull from the River Donau The proportions then <br> of the crown of the Copford tooth differ from those of the recent animal The <br> enamel of the Copford tooth is broken away at the extreme edge in the front of <br> the tooth but this is allowed for in the dimension 35461194 109911 51125 Page 188 Text v 8 http //www biodiversitylibrary org/page/35461194 1852 Geological Society of London NameFound Bithinia NameConfirmed Bithinia NameBankID 4091121 NameFound Candona reptans NameConfirmed Candona reptans NameBankID 6813656 NameFound Cyclas NameConfirmed Cyclas EOLID 13750058 NameBankID 4131942 NameFound Cypris gibba NameConfirmed Cypris gibba Ramdohr 1808 EOLID 339337 NameBankID 641104 NameFound Limneus pereger NameFound Pisidium amnicum NameConfirmed Pisidium amnicum EOLID 395905 NameBankID 2693600 NameFound Planorbis albus NameConfirmed Planorbis albus NameBankID 6988838 NameFound Sphagnum NameConfirmed Sphagnum L EOLID 47595 NameFound Succinea NameConfirmed Succinea EOLID 10718394 NameBankID 2576349 NameFound Ursus NameConfirmed Ursus EOLID 14349 NameBankID 2478080 NameFound Valvata cristata NameConfirmed Valvata cristata EOLID 4813309 NameBankID 5573476 NameFound Valvata piscinalis NameConfirmed Valvata piscinalis EOLID 12003293 NameBankID 2683198 Biodiversity Heritage Library The Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London v 8 1852 Geology Periodicals Smithsonian Libraries bhl page 35461194 dc identifier http //biodiversitylibrary org/page/35461194 smithsonian libraries Information field Flickr posted date ISOdate 2014-02-21 Check categories 2015 August 26 CC-BY-2 0 BioDivLibrary https //flickr com/photos/61021753 N02/12684160935 2015-08-27 11 59 04 cc-by-2 0 PD-old-70-1923 The Quarterly journal of the Geological Society of London 1852 Photos uploaded from Flickr by Fæ using a script | ||||
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